Glossary

A
Alloy Alternative Technology Animation Appropriate technology. Artificial Intelligence
 * Effects of [|alloying]
 * The Centre for [|Alternative Technology]
 * [|Looking glass] company website
 * [|Wiki] dedicated to Appropriate technology.
 * [|Appropriate technology] from Journey to Forever.
 * [|examples] of Apt Tech.
 * [|The Farm]
 * Appropriate Technology [|Sourcebook]
 * [|Pump Aid]
 * [|A.L.I.C.E.]

B
BBC Biomes Bonding Business/management
 * [|Action network for the Internet and Computers]
 * [|BBC learning Website] if you cant view videos try the technology page
 * [|BBC International Technology Page]
 * [|BBC ClickOnline]
 * [|Biomes] links and resources, eg temperate forests.
 * [|Chemical Bonding]
 * [|Metallic] bonding
 * [|Network] covalent structure
 * [|BBC] website.
 * [|quick MBA], marketing, product life cycle, etc

C
Ceramics

Chemistry Citations Cotton Costs
 * The [|Story of Glass]
 * [|Wikipedia] reference for glass
 * [|Glass online] portal. History, composition and glass in different languages.
 * [|Glass Recycling]
 * [|Glass] Packaging at Glasspac
 * [|properties], manufacturing, composition, etc of glass
 * [|Chemistry] site with stuff on materials.
 * [|Citation generator from Doodle]
 * The [|Cotton Story]
 * [|cotton to yarn] website
 * [|thetimes100.co.uk] on Fixed, Variable costs and break even

D
Design for ... Design Process Designers Design Websites/Exhibitions Design Technology Drawing
 * [|Assembly]
 * [|Assembly] pdf
 * [|Environment]
 * [|Environment]
 * [|Environment]
 * [|Manufacture]
 * [|Manufacture]
 * [|Design In the Classroom (DITC)]
 * [|Blueprint] courseware
 * [|Andre Alessi]
 * Design [|Museum]
 * [|N.S.W.] Education Board syllabus
 * [|Article] on drawing International Journal of Technology and Design Education

E
Energy resources Environmental Issues Environment ... data legislation Ergonomics Ethics
 * [|Energy] facts and activities also related to the environment.
 * [|Energy] for a sustainable future. Includes renewable and non-renewable energy resources.
 * [|Australian solar schools] educational website.
 * [|renewable energy] resources from scienceonline.co.uk.
 * [|Pembina institute] on renewable resources, sustainability, climate change, etc
 * [|Energy Canada] has some great classroom resources.
 * [|Energy Case] Studies
 * [|Department] of Environment and Water
 * [|Greentv.com] vidcast on environmental issues.
 * [|EPA] US environmental protection agency.
 * [|EU] summary of legislation.
 * [|Hong Kong] and legislation.
 * [|UNEP] the UN agency
 * [|News] from ergoweb.
 * [|website] with links and some interesting stuff
 * Dr. Edward F. Gehringer’s site on [|“Ethics in Computing”]
 * ‘Computer Ethics’ Wikipedia [|reference]
 * [|Computer Ethics] from Stanford University

F

 * History of [|fishing rod] materials.

G
Generating Ideas Green Consumer Green Design Green Practises
 * [|Creative] thinking
 * [|Steps] in Creating Creative Minds
 * [|Brainstorming]
 * [|Mindtools]
 * [|morphological synthesis]
 * [|Glass]
 * The [|Green Consumer]
 * [|Treehugger]
 * [|Greentv.com] vidcast on environmental issues.
 * [|e2-Design] from PBS, includes podcasts
 * [|Carnegie Mellon] home of green design
 * [|Green Practises] from Carnegie Melon Uni

I
Images/Graphics Internet Invention Innovation
 * Royalty free images from [|Corbis]
 * Fake or real [|quiz.]
 * Historical [|Timeline] of the Internet
 * Hobbes’ Internet [|Timeline], developed from a variety sources. Excellent!
 * [|Famous] inventions
 * [|Times] 2006 best inventions
 * [|Famous Inventors]
 * [|Women Inventors]
 * [|Inventive Genius]
 * [|Innovation Network]
 * [|Innovation] strategy site from Canada. Discusses many aspects.
 * [|Innovation] creators website
 * [|InnovationZen] blog
 * [|Innovative design] for education

J

 * from Inventory Solutions

K
Knowledge Economy
 * (PDF) A Primer about the
 * [|Enterweb.org] links for Knowledge Economy

L
Life Cycle
 * [|Life Cycle].
 * Life Cycle of [|refrigerators].
 * Life Cycle of [|cars].
 * Life Cycle of [|washing machines].
 * [|Institute] for Life-cycle Environmental Assessment.
 * A [|map] for understanding the environmental impacts of producing goods from Carnegie Mellon

M
Manufacturing Maps Mass Customization Materials Matter Metals Mycoprotein
 * [|CoolStuffBeingMade.com] has all sorts videos on manufacturing of materials and products.
 * Environmental [|Maps]
 * [|http://www.mass-customization.de/ Mass]Customisation website
 * [|Materials by Design] from Cornell Uni.
 * [|Community college materials website]
 * [|Material] selection charts.
 * [|British Glass] web site full of useful information.
 * [|A to Z] of materials
 * [|more materials]
 * [|Chemistry] site with stuff on materials and other cool stuff.
 * [|Smart Materials]
 * [|Strange Matter] zooms in on everyday materials/products.
 * [|chem4kids.com] on matter
 * [|Matter] quiz.
 * [|Equilibrium] of a particle in depth.
 * [|Equilibrium] of a particle.
 * [|Grains] and solidification.
 * [|Stainless Steel]
 * [|Metals]
 * [|Mycoprotein]
 * [|Quorn] food products and everything you need to know. USA site is better.
 * [|Mycoprotein] education from Quorn

N
Nanotechnology Netiquette News Articles
 * [|Nokia Morph]
 * [|The Core Rules of Netiquette]
 * [|Netiquette Rules for Email, chat, etc]


 * Design
 * [|Dexigner] news portal
 * [|Sci-Tech Today]
 * [|Car design] news

Nylon
 * IT
 * BBC’s [|Email service], where you sign up for Tech or any other news
 * [|Clickonline] BBC’s TV IT show’s website
 * [|Computer world] News articles, case studies from a management point of view.
 * [|IDC]– full of commentaries from analysts about he global IT marketplace
 * [|Wired News]
 * [|zdnet]
 * [|Technology] research magazine.
 * [|Nylon]

O
Organisations


 * [|SRI International] is an independent, non-profit research institute
 * This [|Website] has a good story on how planned obsolescence and how it affects us.

P
Paper Products Properties
 * [|Paper] Manufacture
 * [|How] Products Are Made
 * [|CoolStuffBeingMade.com] has all sorts videos on manufacturing of materials and products.
 * [|Mechanical properties]

R
Recycle, Reuse Recondition and Repair Reference Reforestation
 * [|UK] specific data on waste.
 * [|Plastic] recycling.
 * [|'waste] into Gold' news article.
 * [|Virtual] Recycling educational initiative of the Manitoba Product Stewardship Corporation.
 * [|Ragbag] company that makes fashionable bags from old plastic.
 * [|GreenGoods] portal.
 * This website has a good video of recycling, enjoy :) http://www.recyclebank.com/what_we_recycle.cfm
 * [|Recycling-Guide.org.uk]
 * Recycling [|thermoplastics]
 * [|Green Practises] from Carnegie Melon Univeristy
 * [|wasteonline.org.uk] very nice website.
 * [|Idea Finder] good general site about where 'ideas' came from.
 * [|International Journal of Technology and Design Education]
 * [|How Stuff works]
 * [|Wikipedia]
 * [|http://www.webopedia.com]
 * [|JargonBuster] Computer Jargon Dictionary from BBC
 * [|Computer Jargon] Dictionary from About.com
 * [|Tech Faq]
 * [|Sciencenet]
 * [|Deforestation]

S
Science Simulation Smart Materials Sustainability Superconductors
 * www.physorg.com
 * [|Education Simulation Web site]
 * [|K-12 examples]
 * [|Simulation; The Engine behind the virtual world]
 * [|NASA] Sim Labs
 * [|IBM Research Weather Modelling Group]
 * [|Social Simulations] and policy making.
 * [|Simulation Industry Association of Australia]
 * [|USA Military Simulations]
 * [|Military Simulations] in the British Army
 * [|Lord] Corp products using smart materials.
 * [|Mide] Corp products using smart materials.
 * [|Piezoelectric] materials
 * [|Piezoelectric] materials #2
 * [|Electro-rheostatic (ER) and magneto-rheostatic (MR) materials]
 * [|Shape memory alloys] (SMA's) from the University of Alberta
 * [|Materials for design] from Cornell Uni
 * [|STEP] great for schools
 * [|BASF] and its sustainability actions.
 * [|Pembina institute] on renewable resources, sustainability, climate change, etc
 * Renewable [|resources]
 * [|UK] government policies.
 * [|UN] policies.
 * [|The Center for Sustainability] has a good US focus.
 * [|superconductors.org]

T
Timber
 * Various [|Biomes] resources and links.
 * [|Conifers]
 * [|Missouri] Botanical Garden website
 * Properties of [|timber] from timber.org.au

V
Video Virtual Reality
 * [|Design Education] youtube group
 * From the [|Thinkquest] library

W
Weightless economy
 * [|UNESCO] explains.

**Active solar collection **The use of the Sun’s energy to heat up water and air directly.  **Adaptation **A solution to a problem in one field is used to provide a new idea for a design problem in another.  **Adhesive **An adhesive is a substance that is applied between two surfaces in order to bond them together.  **aesthetic-usability effect **A condition whereby users perceive more aesthetically pleasing designs to be easier to use than less aesthetically pleasing designs.  **Algorithm **A sequence of instructions to describe a set of actions.  **Alloy **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A mixture that contains at least one metal. This can be a mixture of metals or a mixture of metals and non-metals. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Analogy **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The transfer of an idea from one context to another. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Animation **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The ability to link graphic screens together in such a way as to simulate motion or a process. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Anthropometrics **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The aspect of ergonomics that deals with body measurements, particularly those of size, strength and physical capacity. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Appearance prototype **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">An appearance prototype, or appearance model, is a physical representation of an object that literally appears like the production product. However, it does not function and is made from wood, foam, clay or other prototyping materials. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Appropriate technology **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;"> appropriate to the context in which it is applied. Appropriate technologies are low in capital cost, use local materials wherever possible, create jobs using local skills and labour, involve decentralized renewable energy sources, make technology understandable to the people who use it, are flexible, and are not detrimental to quality of life or the environment. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Artificial intelligence **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">a computer-based machine or robot that has the ability to learn from information gained through feedback. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Assembly-line production **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">the mass production of a product via a flow line based on the interchangeability of parts, pre-processing of materials, standardization and work division. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Atom **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The smallest part of an element that can exist chemically. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Attribute listing **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Attribute listing identifies the key attributes of a product or process and then enables designers to think of ways to change, modify or improve each attribute. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Automation **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A volume production process involving machines controlled by computers. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Bandwidth **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The width of the electromagnetic spectrum that a signal occupies. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Batch production **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Limited volume production (a set number of items to be produced). <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Biocompatibility **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The property of being biologically compatible by not producing a toxic, injurious or immunological response in living tissue. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Biomechanics **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The research and analysis of the mechanics of living organisms. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Biomimetics **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The application of methods and systems found in nature to the study and design of engineering systems and modern technology. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Bit rate **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The number of bits per second produced by a digital system. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Black water **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;"> that contains animal, human or food waste and would not be reused for other purposes. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Body mass index (BMI) **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">a measurement of the relative percentages of fat and muscle mass in the human body, in which weight in kilograms is divided by height in metres and the result used as an index of obesity. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">“Bottom up” modelling **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A designer creates part geometry independent of the assembly or any other component. Although there is often some design criteria established before modelling the part, this information is not shared between models. Once all part models are completed, they are brought together for the first time in the assembly. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Brainstorming **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A form of group think. A group with a recommended size of 10–12 people first devises wild ideas, all of which are written down. No criticism or evaluation is allowed until this is finished, as it is impossible to be creative and critical at the same time. The ideas are then criticized and evaluated. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Brand **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A brand is a product from a known source (organization). The name of the organization can also serve as a brand. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Building envelope **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The exterior surface of a building’s construction: the walls, windows, roof and floor. Also referred to as “building shell”. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Charge **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The quantity of unbalanced electricity in a body (either positive or negative) and construed as an excess or deficiency of electrons and is measured in coulombs. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Composite **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A mixture composed of two or more substances (materials) with one substance acting as the matrix or glue. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Computer-aided design (CAD) **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The use of computers to aid the design process. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Computer-aided manufacture ( ****<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">CAM ****<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">) **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The use of computers to aid manufacturing. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;"> A system of manufacturing that uses computers to integrate the processing of production, business and manufacturing in order to create more efficient production lines. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Computer modelling **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A computer program that attempts to simulate an abstract model of a particular system. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Computer numerical control (CNC) **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Refers specifically to the computer control of machines for the purpose of manufacturing complex parts in metals and other materials. Machines are controlled by a program commonly called a “G code”. Each code is <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">assigned to a particular operation or process. The codes control //<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-It; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-It;">X //<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">, //<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-It; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-It;">Y //<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">, //<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-It; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-It;">Z //<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">movements and feed speeds. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Constructive discontent **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Analysing a situation that would benefit from redesign, and working out a strategy for improving it. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Convergent thinking **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The ability to analyse information in order to select an answer from\ alternatives. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Converging technology **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The synergistic merging of nanotechnology, biotechnology, information and communication technologies and cognitive science. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Corporate strategy **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Long-term aims and objectives of a company and ways of achieving them by allocation of resources. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Cost-effectiveness **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The most efficient way of designing and producing a product from the manufacturer’s point of view. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Craft production **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A small-scale production process centred on manual skills. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Current **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The rate of flow of electrons. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Data reliability **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The completeness and accuracy of a data set that is being used to inform a design decision. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Delighting **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The passive solar practice of placing windows, or other transparent media, and reflective surfaces so that, during the day, natural sunlight provides effective internal illumination. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Dematerialization **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The reduction of weight and use of materials. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Demodulation **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The process of recovering the information contained, for example, in the human voice, which had been previously added to a suitable electromagnetic carrier. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Density **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The mass per unit volume of a material. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Design for assembly **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Designing taking account of assembly at various levels, for example, component to component, components into sub-assemblies and subassemblies into complete products. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Design for disassembly **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Designing a product so that when it becomes obsolete it can easily and economically be taken apart, the components reused or repaired, and the materials recycled. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Design for manufacture (DfM) **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Designers design specifically for optimum use of existing manufacturing capability. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Design for materials **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Designing in relation to materials during processing. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Design for process **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Designing to enable the product to be manufactured using a specific manufacturing process, for example, injection moulding. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Die **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A tool used in the manufacture of parts by moulding, forging, swaging or <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">stamping processes. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Diffusion into the marketplace **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The wide acceptance (and sale) of a product. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Digital human **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Computer simulation of a variety of mechanical and biological aspects of the human body. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Divergent thinking **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Using creative ability to produce a wide range of possible solutions to a problem. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Diversification **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Involves a company both in the development of new products and in selling those products to new companies. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Dominant design **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The design contains those implicit features of a product that are recognized as essential by a majority of manufacturers and purchasers. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Draft angle **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The angle of taper, expressed in degrees (usually 5° to 7°), given to the sides of the forging and the side walls of the die impression. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Ductility **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The ability of a material to be drawn or extruded into a wire or other extended shape. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Efficiency **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Mechanical efficiency is the effectiveness of a simple machine. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Electrical resistivity **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">This is a measure of a material’s ability to conduct electricity. A material with a low resistivity will conduct electricity well. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Ergonomic **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A 2D physical anthropometric model based on a specific percentile, which is used with drawings of the same scale as the model to consider the relationship between the size of an object and people. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Ergonomics **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The application of scientific information concerning the relationship of human beings to the design of objects, systems and environments. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">essential **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A compound that cannot be made in the body but has to be provided ready-made in the diet, for example, vitamins, essential fatty acids and essential amino acids. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Essential fatty acid **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Fatty acids that is required in the human diet. This means that they cannot be synthesized by the body from other fatty acids and must be obtained from food. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Expert appraisal **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The reliance on the knowledge and skills of an expert in the operation of the product. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Exploded isometric drawing **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">An isometric drawing of an object with more than one component that depicts how the parts of assemblies fit together. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Fabric **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A material made up of a network of natural or artificial fibres formed by knitting, weaving or pressing into felt. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Fashion **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A style or trend. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Feed speed **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The feed speed is the rate at which the cutting tool moves in //<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-It; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-It;">X //<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">, //<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-It; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-It;">Y //<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">and //<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-It; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-It;">Z //<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">paths. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Fibre **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A class of materials that are continuous filaments or are in discrete elongated pieces, similar to lengths of thread with a length to thickness ratio of at least 80. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Fibre structure **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A filamentous material long in relation to its width/breadth. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Field trial **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">a test of the performance of some new product under the conditions in which it will be used. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Finite element analysis (FEA) **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The calculation and simulation of unknown factors in products using CAD systems. For example, simulating the stresses within a welded car part. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Fixed costs **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The costs that must be paid out before production starts, for example, machinery. These costs do not change with the level of production. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Flash **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Excess material on a moulded part, forming a thin fan where two parts of the mould meet. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Flow chart **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">a schematic representation of a process. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Freehand drawing **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The spontaneous representation of ideas on paper without the use of technical aids. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Functional prototype **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A functional prototype, or functional appearance model, is a prototype that “looks like” and “works like” a production product. Although they are made from prototype materials, these models simulate actual finishes and colours as well as mechanisms. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">G code **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Coordination-based code that also includes feed speed and stop/start. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Green design **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Designing in a way that takes account of the environmental impact of the <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;"> Product throughout its life. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Grey water **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Waste water generated from processes such as washing dishes, bathing and laundry. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Haptic technology **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Haptic technology is an emerging technology that interfaces the user via the sense of touch. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Hardness **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The resistance a material offers to penetration or scratching. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Human development index **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A comparative measure of poverty, literacy, education, life expectancy, childbirth and other factors for countries worldwide. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Ideo-pleasure **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Pleasure derived from satisfying people’s tastes, values and aspirations. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Incremental design **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Small changes to the design of a product that seem trivial but the cumulative effect of which over a longer period can be very significant. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Industrial robot **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A flexible computer-operated machine that is able to perform a range of tasks in an efficient and accurate manner. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Injection moulding **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The direct introduction of molten plastic under pressure into a die, which then cools rapidly, allowing the formed object to be released from the mould. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Innovation **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The business of putting an invention in the marketplace and making it a success. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Intelligent building **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Intelligent buildings apply technologies to improve the building environment and functionality for occupants and tenants while controlling costs to improve end-user security, comfort and accessibility and help user productivity. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Intelligent fabric **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A fabric with technology-enhanced performance used in smart clothing, for example, enhanced stain resistance, breathability or incorporating input sensors. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Invention **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The process of discovering a principle. A technical advance in a particular field often resulting in a novel product. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Isometric drawing **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A 3D representation of an object drawn with the horizontal plane at 30° to <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;"> The vertical plane. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">just-in-case (JIC) **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A situation where a company keeps a small stock of components (or complete items) or ones that take a long time to make, just in case of a rush order. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Just-in-time (JIT) **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A situation where a firm does not allocate space to the storage <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;"> Of components or completed items, but instead orders them (or manufactures them) when required. Large storage areas are not needed and items that are not ordered are not made. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Life cycle analysis **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">the assessment of the effect a product has on the environment from the initial concept to disposal. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Lifestyle **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The way a person or group lives, including patterns of social relations, consumption, entertainment and dress. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Literature search **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The use of consumer reports and newspaper items to follow historical development. Useful sources of information could include CD-ROMs, such as encyclopedias and newspapers, or more specific disks, subject-specific magazines and manufacturers’ information. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">living building **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Houses and offices designed to function like living organisms, specifically adapted to place and able to draw all of their requirements for energy and water from the surrounding sun, wind and rain. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Lone inventor **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">An individual working outside or inside an organization that is committed to the invention of a novel product and often becomes isolated because he or she is engrossed with ideas that imply change and are resisted by others. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Machine tool step variable **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">this applies to 3D profiling. It is the amount of tool that passes over work already cut and determines the quality of the finished surface. It is expressed as a percentage—the higher the quality, the higher the percentage. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Manikin **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">An anatomical 3D model of the human body. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Manufacturing technique **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A specific manufacturing term, sometimes relating to one material group only. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Market development **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Finding new applications for existing products, thereby opening up new markets. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Market penetration **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Increasing sales to existing customers or finding new customers for an existing product. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Market pull **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The initial impetus for the development of a new product is generated by a demand from the market. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Market sector **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A broad way of categorizing the kinds of market the company is aiming for. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Market segmentation **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Markets divide up into smaller segments where the purchasers have similar characteristics and tastes. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Mass customization **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A sophisticated CIM system that manufactures products to individual customer orders. The benefits of economy of scale are gained whether the order is for a single item or for thousands. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Mass production **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">the production of large amounts of standardized products on production lines, permitting very high rates of production per worker. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Mathematical model **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A model using mathematical symbols that can be manipulated numerically. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Mechanical advantage **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">this is the factor by which a machine multiplies the force put into it. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Mechanization **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A volume production process involving machines controlled by humans. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Minerals **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Natural compounds formed through geological processes. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Modulation **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The process of adding the information contained, for example, in the <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;"> Human voice to a suitable electromagnetic carrier. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Molecule **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Two or more atoms that are normally bonded together covalently. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Morphological synthesis **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Morphological synthesis is an elaboration of attribute listing. After completing the list of attributes, list them along two sides of a 2D grid. Think creatively about how the attributes can be developed through new <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;"> Ideas in each of the cells to improve the design. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Motion capture technology **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The recording of human and animal movement by any means, for example, by video, magnetic or electro-mechanical devices. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Multiplexing **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">To combine multiple signals for transmission over a single line or medium. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Nanotechnology **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Refers to materials and devices that operate at the nanoscale. “Nano” means a billionth (1/1000,000,000). A nanometre is one-billionth of a metre. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Negative saturation **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The most negative voltage the operational amplifier can output (–13 V). <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">non-renewable resources **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A natural resource that cannot be re-made or re-grown as it does not naturally re-form at a rate that makes its use sustainable, for example, coal, petroleum and natural gas. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Numerical control (NC) **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Automated machines that require data to be inputted manually by a trained operator. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">One-off production **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">An individual (often craft-produced) article or a prototype for larger-scale <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;"> Production. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Organoleptic **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Involving the use of sense organs. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Orthographic drawing **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A series of flat views of an object showing it exactly as it is in shape and size. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Paper prototyping **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Representative users perform realistic tasks by interacting with a paper version of the user–product interface that is manipulated by a person acting as a computer, who does not explain how the interface works. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Parison **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A short length of extruded pipe for use in blow moulding. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Passive solar design **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The technique of heating and cooling a building naturally without the use of mechanical equipment. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Percentile range **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">That proportion of a population with a dimension at or less than a given value. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Performance test **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">An evaluation of the actual performance of the task or learning objective using the conditions under which it will be performed and the absolute standard for acceptable performance. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Permanent joining techniques **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A permanent join is a type of fastening that is not supposed to be removed. It is only possible to remove such joins by drilling, cutting or grinding the join away. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Perspective drawing **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A 3D drawing that realistically represents an object by utilizing foreshortening and vanishing points (usually imaginary ones). <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Physio-pleasure **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Pleasure derived from the sensory organs, including pleasures connected with touch, taste, smell and sensual pleasure. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Planned obsolescence **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">a conscious act either to ensure a continuing market or to ensure that safety factors and new technologies can be incorporated into later versions of the product. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Plastic deformation **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The permanent deformation of a solid subjected to a stress. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Population stereotypes **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Responses that are found to be widespread in a user population. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Poverty **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Deprivation of essential goods and services, for example, food, clothing, shelter and education, and a lack of sufficient income and wealth. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Product champion **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">An influential individual, usually working within an organization, which develops an enthusiasm for a particular idea or invention and “champions” it within that organization. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Product development **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The creation of new, modified or updated products aimed mainly at a company’s existing customers. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Product family **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A group of products having common classification criteria. Members normally have many common parts and assemblies. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Product stewardship **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Everyone involved in making, selling, buying or handling electronic equipment takes responsibility for minimizing environmental impact of the equipment at all stages in the life cycle. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;"> Microchips that can be programmed by a computer to simulate an integrated circuit. Having been programmed they can be disconnected from the computer and used in electronic projects to recognize range of inputs and to control the project. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Prosthesis **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">An artificial limb, tooth or other part of the body manufactured to take the place of a missing or dysfunctional one. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Psycho-pleasure **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Pleasure derived from people’s mental and emotional reactions to a product. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Quality assurance **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">This covers all activities from design to documentation. It also includes the regulation of quality of raw materials, assemblies, products and components, services related to production, and management and inspection processes. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Quality control **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Involved in development systems to ensure that products or services are designed and produced to meet or exceed customer requirements and expectations. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Radical design **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Where a completely new product is devised by going back to the roots of a problem and thinking about a solution in a different way. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Reconditioning **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Rebuilding a product so that it is in an “as new” condition, and is generally used in the context of car engines and tyres. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Recycling **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;"> refers to using the materials from obsolete products to create other products. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Refresh rate **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">How frequently (per second) an image is captured and transmitted. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Renewable resources **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;"> that are naturally replenished in a short time. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Repair **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The reconstruction or renewal of any part of an existing structure or device. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Resistance **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The opposition that a substance offers to the flow of electric current. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Resolution **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A measure of the clarity of an image captured. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Reuse **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;"> of a product in the same context or in a different context. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Robust design **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Flexible designs that can be adapted to changing technical and market requirements. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Service costs **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The cost required to maintain or repair a product or system. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Socio-pleasure **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Pleasure from relationships with others, for example, specific relationships with friends, loved ones, colleagues or like-minded people or with society as a whole when it is related to status and self-image. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Solid modelling **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Solid models are clear representations of the final part. They provide a complete set of data for the product to be realized. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Sprue **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">This is the passage through which a liquid material flows into a die, where it solidifies to form parts. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Stiffness **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The resistance of an elastic body to deflection by an applied force. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Sublimation printing process **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A two-step process in which paper is first printed with sublimation dyes and then heat and pressure are applied to the paper so that the image is transferred to another material, for example, fabric. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Surface modelling **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A realistic picture of the final model, offering some machining data. Surface models contain no data about the interior of the part. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Sustainable development **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;"> that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Technocautious **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Someone who needs some convincing before embracing technological change. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Technology push **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Where the impetus for a new design emanates from a technological development. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Technophile **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Someone who immediately welcomes a technological change. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Technophobe **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Someone who resists all technological change. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Tensile strength **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">the ability of a material to withstand pulling forces. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Thermal conductivity **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A measure of how fast heat is conducted through a slab of material with a given temperature difference across the slab. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Thermal expansion (expansivity) **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">a measure of the degree of increase in dimensions when an object is <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">heated. This can be measured by an increase in length, area or volume. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The expansivity can be measured as the fractional increase in dimension <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">per Kelvin increase in temperature. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Time constant **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The time required for the current or voltage in a circuit to rise or fall exponentially through approximately 63% of its amplitude. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">“Top down” modelling **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">“Top down” design is a product development process obtained through 3D, parametric and associative CAD systems. The main feature of this new method is that the design originates as a concept and gradually evolves into a complete product consisting of components and sub-assemblies. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Torque **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">“Rotational force” commonly measured in units of <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Newton <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;"> metres. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Toughness **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The ability of a material to resist the propagation of cracks. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;"> An expanded spectrum of values and criteria for measuring organizational success: economic, environmental and social. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Upgradeability **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">How easily a system or product can be upgraded, that is, its performance <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;"> Enhanced. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">User population **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The range of users for a particular product or system. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">User research **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">Obtaining users’ responses. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">User trial **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The observation of people using a product and collection of comments from people who have used a product. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-BoldIt; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-BoldIt;"> **//<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-BoldIt; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-BoldIt;">U //****<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">value **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A measure of the thermal conductance of a material. The higher the //<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-It; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-It;">U //<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">value, the greater the conduction. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Value for money **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The relationship between what something, for example, a product, is worth and the cash amount spent on it. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Variable costs **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;"> that vary with output, for example, fuel or raw materials. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Velocity ratio **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A measurement of force amplification. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Virtual reality **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The ability to simulate a real situation on the screen and interact with it in <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;"> A near-natural way. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Voltage **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The difference in electrical potential between two points. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Work-space envelope **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">a 3D space within which you carry out physical work activities when you are at a fixed location. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Yarn **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">A long continuous length of interlocked synthetic or natural fibres. <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">Young’s modulus **<span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Regular; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Regular;">The stiffness of a material. <span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;">
 * <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> Computer-integrated manufacture (CIM) **
 * <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> Programmable interface controller (PIC) **
 * <span style="font-size: 9.5pt; color: gray; font-family: MyriadPro-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: MyriadPro-Bold;"> Triple bottom line sustainability **